超过三分之二的地壳岩石是由来自深部的岩浆作用形成,岩浆岩记录的信息是深时数字地球(Deep-time Digital Earth,DDE)特别是深部过程研究的重要载体。岩浆岩分布范围广,样品众多,分析、定年相对方便和精确,易于数据累积。在过去的十多年,全球科学家建立了EarthChem、GEOROC、DataView等多个优秀的岩浆岩数据库。随着大数据时代的到来,地球科学也在经历向地球系统科学的重大转变。如何进一步整合分散在研究机构和个人手中的越来越多的数据,建立能服务大数据和人工智能方法的数据平台,推动地球科学研究由理论驱动的传统因果推理方法向数据驱动的大数据方法转变,是新的很有希望的突破点。文章系统介绍了目前国内外已有的岩浆岩相关数据库及其运行情况,为未来DDE计划整合全球海量岩浆岩数据,建设开放、共享、统一的大数据平台提供经验和基础。同时,也列举了以岩浆岩大数据驱动的科学研究的典型实例,并结合DDE相关任务,对利用岩浆岩大数据和人工智能进一步解决四维地球深部圈层物质构成、交换与动力学这一关键科学问题提出新的展望。 相似文献
Natural Hazards - Quantitative and effective flood control operation of cascade reservoirs under emergency conditions can guarantee the safety of dams, reduce the social loss caused by flood... 相似文献
Natural Hazards - The prediction of dam-break water flow at dam site is essential to reduce the potential for loss of damage in the downstream floodplain. In this study, the influence of reservoir... 相似文献
A model integrating geo-information and self-organizing map (SOM) for exploring the database of soil environmental surveys was established. The dataset of 5 heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb) was built by the regular grid sampling in Hechi, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southern China. Auxiliary datasets were collected throughout the study area to help interpret the potential causes of pollution. The main findings are as follows: (1) Soil samples of 5 elements exhibited strong variation and high skewness. High pollution risk existed in the case study area, especially Hg and Cd. (2) As and Pb had a similar topo-logical distribution pattern, meaning they behaved similarly in the soil environment. Cr had behaviours in soil different from those of the other 4 elements. (3) From the U-matrix of SOM networks, 3 levels of SEQ were identified, and 11 high risk areas of soil heavy metal-contaminated were found throughout the study area, which were basically near rivers, factories, and ore zones. (4) The variations of contamination index (CI) followed the trend of construction land (1.353) > forestland (1.267) > cropland (1.175) > grassland (1.056), which suggest that decision makers should focus more on the problem of soil pollution surrounding industrial and mining enterprises and farmland.
Elemental(TOC,TN,C/N)and stable carbon isotopic(δ~(13)C)compositions and long-chain alkane(n C_(16-38))concentrations were measured for eight major plants and a sediment core collected from the Yellow River estuarine wetlands.Our results indicate that both C_3(-25.4‰to-29.6‰)and C_4(-14.2‰to-15.0‰)plants are growing in the wetlands and C_3 plants are the predominant species.The biomass of the wetland plants had similar organic carbon(35.5-45.8%)but very different organic nitrogen(0.35-4.15%)contents.Both C_3 and C_4 plants all contained long-chain alkanes with strong odd-to-even carbon numbered chain predominance.Phragmites australis,a dominant C_3 plant contained mainly n C_(29 )and n C_(31) homologues.Aeluropus littoralis,an abundant C_4 plant were concentrated with n C_(27 )and n C_(29) homologues.Organic matter preserved in the Yellow River estuarine sediments showed strong terrestrial signals(C/N=11-16,δ~(13)C=-22.0‰to-24.3‰).The distribution of long-chain n-alkanes in sediments also showed strong odd-to-even carbon chain predominance with n C_(29 )and n C_(31 )being the most abundant homologues.These results suggest that organic matter preserved in the Yellow River estuarine sediments were influenced by the wetland-derived organic matter,mainly C_3 plants.The Yellow River estuarine wetland plants could play important role affecting both the carbon and nutrient cycling in the estuary and adjacent coastal waters. 相似文献
